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Engine Analysis with PERMAS

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Many physical effects play an important role during a mechanical analysis of combustion engines. In static analysis such effects are leak tightness and durability under changing temperature conditions and in dynamic analysis there are sound radiation and frequency responses of complex engine assemblies. At least in static analysis the influence of temperature requires a coupled analysis taking heat transfer into account. Modeling the mounting of an engine requires the consideration of bolt loading conditions where the correct sequence of bolt pre-stressing and operating loads is of major importance. In addition, nonlinear material behavior has to be considered. These and other effects are important for engine analysis. A freeform optimization allows for weight reduction with improved product performance.
Benefits and particular strengths
PERMAS performance aspects
Due to typically large models in engine analysis all analysis methods are oriented towards highest possible performance. The following points can be highlighted:
  • significantly shorter computing times than you expect and know (we accept your challenge: info@intes.de),
  • get lower software costs, lower hardware costs, faster product cycles, more variants, better knowledge of the component behavior and better products through shorter computing times,
  • Contact algorithms designed for very large models,
  • Run times as usual from linear models, but with non-linear gasket elements, thanks to a specialized solver that allows automatic condensation,
  • Acceleration for variant analysis and optimization through preconditioning of the contact solver,
  • extremely fast thanks to PERMAS HPC basic technology, such as contact analysis, parallelization and GPU use.
Heat Transfer
Heat Transfer
Applications are e.g. the analysis of operating temperatures and the aging in an oil bath by simulating the cooling down process.
  • Available features:
    • Nonlinear material behavior with temperature-dependent conductivity and heat capacity,
    • Temperature-dependent heat convection for the modeling of heat exchange with the surrounding,
    • Automatic solution method for nonlinear heat transfer with automatic step control and several convergence criteria, i.e. an automatic load stepping for steady-state analyses and an automatic time stepping for transient analyses,
    • Convenient and very detailed specification possible for loading steps and points in time where results have to be obtained,
    • Full coupling to subsequent static analysis (steady-state and transient),
    • Heat exchange by radiation can be included, if this makes a relevant effect on the temperature field.
Statics
Diesel Engine
1 1/2 cylinder engine model (hex mesh)
Bolt Pretension with pitch and flank angle
Bolt Pretension with pitch and
flank angle
Static analysis with PERMAS
Static deformations are calculated under various loads with linear and nonlinear material behavior:
  • Nonlinear material models:
    • plastic deformation,
    • nonlinear elastic,
    • creep,
    • cast iron with different material behavior under tension and compression.
  • Gasket elements:
    • for convenient simulation of sealings,
    • the behavior of sealings is described by measured pressure-closure curves,
    • input of many unloading curves possible.
  • Contact analysis:
    • many contacts possible (>>30,000),
    • unrivaled short run times,
    • most advanced solver technology,
    • friction can be taken into account with transitions between sticking and sliding,
    • bolt conditions can be applied in one step,
    • specification of a realistic loading history,
    • contact results: contact pressure, contact status, contact forces, saturation, etc.
  • Modeling:
    • bolt pretension with parametrized thread,
    • press fit modeling linear and non linear,
  • Submodeling:
    • for subsequent local mesh refinements,
    • automatic interpolation of displacements to get kinematic boundary conditions for a finer mesh,
    • then, a local analysis is performed e.g. to achieve more accurate stresses.
High_performance
PERMAS performance aspects
Due to typically large models in engine analysis all analysis methods are oriented towards highest possible performance. The following points can be highlighted:
  • outstanding performance through special algorithms for large models with nonlinear material and contact,
  • contact algorithms have been strictly designed to meet the needs of large models with many contacts,
  • unrivaled fast method for linear material and contact.
Dynamics
Vibro-Acoustics with PERMAS
By using the same software for dynamic and static simulations only one structural model is necessary. All dynamic methods are available for engine analysis. Some important points are:
  • Eigenvalues and mode shapes for large solid models can be calculated using MLDR.
  • Fast dynamic condensation methods support the efficient analysis of engines with many attached parts.
  • By using dry condensation even fluids can be integrated in a dynamic model without taking along pressure degrees of freedom (e.g. in an oil pan).
  • Calculation of sound particle velocity is supported for the evaluation of noise emission of engines.
INTES Motor
Engine with bolts and cylinder head gasket
Gasket
Gasket with pressure result
valve train
Static analysis of valve train with
large rotation
Questions? Ask us!

INTES Ingenieurgesellschaft für technische Software mbH
Management:  Rolf Fischer
Breitwiesenstr. 28
70565 Stuttgart
Germany
Commercial register:  Stuttgart HRB 10 978
VAT registration number: DE 147803245
Tel.: +49 711 78499-0
✉info@intes.de

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